INNOVATIONS IN AGRICULTURE FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE- PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
WHAT
IS AGRICULTURE
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AGRICULTURE
ALSO CALLED FARMING OR HUSBANDRY IS THE CULTIVATION OF ANIMALS,
PLANTS, FUNGI AND OTHER LIFE FORMS FOR FOOD, FIBRE,
BIOFUEL,MEDICINALS AND OTHER PRODUCTS.
IMPORTANCE
OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL
SECTOR IS THE BACKBONE OF ANY ECONOMY. THE ECONOMIC SURVEY FOR
2013-14 POINTS OUT THAT THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SHOULD AIM AT
NATIONAL POLICIES AND PRPGRAMMES FOR ACHIEVING AGRICULTURAL GROWTH.
AGRICULTURE
IN INDIA AN INTRODUCTION
Agriculture
in India has
a significant history.
Today, India ranks second
worldwide in farm output.
Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector
and plays a significant role. India is known as the ‘Land of Agriculture’ which has many
traditions and even a large variety of cultures. Approximately 75% of
the Indian population are connected with agriculture and its related
activities. India ranks first in the production of sugar cane and
second in the production of rice in the world. Apart from these, many
other cereals, tea, coffee etc. add to the agricultural output from
India. Spices are also well known worldwide from the incredible
India.
significant
role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.
INNOVATIONS
IN AGRICULTURE
THE
MEASURES ADOPTED IN GREEN REVOLUTION MARKED A TURNING POINT IN
AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS. USE OF HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES OF SEED,
IRRIGATIONAL PROJECTS, USE OF INSECTICIDES AND PESTICIDES,
CONSOLIDATION OF HOLDINGS, LAND REFORMS ETC. HELPED TO REMOVE THE
FLAWS OF AGRICULTURE AND IMPROVED RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE.
CHALLENGES
LACK
OF PROPER MARKETING FACILITIES
FLUCTUATION
IN PRICES
LACK
OF AVAILABILITY OF QUALITY PLANTING MATERIALS
LACK
OF AWARENESS ON HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES
LACK
OF AWARENESS ABOUT SCIENTIFIC WAYS OF MANURING
PRESENCE
OF INTERMEDIATORS
LOW
IRRIGATION FACILITIES
LACK
OF FINANCE
FREQUENT
OCCURANCE OF FAMINE
LOW
LEVEL OF PRODUCTION
LACK
OF TRANSPORTATIONAL FACILITIES
LACK
OF SELF SUFFICIENCY AND SELF RELIABILITY
PROSPECTS
AGRICULTURE
CAN BE MADE PROFITABLE BY UTILISING THE FARMLANDS TO the MAXIMUM AND
BY ADOPTING WAYS OF LOWERING THE COST OF PRODUCTION. TO GET BETTER
CROPS, HYBRIDISATION CAN BE ADOPTED AND THERE BY BETTER QUALITY
PLANTS ARE PRODUCED. A NUMBER OF HYBRID VARIETIES HAVING FEATURES
LIKE HIGH YIELD, DISEASE RESISTANCE, ABILITY TO GIVE HIGH YIELD
WITHIN A SHORT PERIOD ARE WIDELY USED.
NEW
METHODS IN AGRICULTURE
TISSUE
CULTURE: THE TECHNIQUE USED TO DEVELOP PLANTS WITH THE SIMILAR
QUALITIES OF THE PARENT PLANT HAS BECOME WIESPREAD. A LARGE NUMBER OF
PLANTS CAN BE PRODUCED FROM A SINGLE PLANT TISSUE. (TO BE CONTINUED...)
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